-common network terms
-Node
-A node is a connection point, localised swelling or a point of intersection.
-Is a device that connected to a computer network
-able to send, received, forward information over a communications channel
- Network node may either be a data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE) or a data terminal equipment (DTE)
- Responsible for the information-processing resources available to the whole network of resources
-to provide subnet and is responsible for transmission of information communication subnet
-Client
-A client is the requesting program or user in a client/server relationship and also it is log into the network on the server.
-given permissions to use resources on the network and it is one of the central ideas of network computing.
-makes a service request from another program and can be used by programs within a single computer
-provides a convenient way to interconnect programs that are distributed efficiently across different locations.
-it also provides the user interface and performs some or all of the processing on requests it makes from the server
-Server
-A server is a software program that provides a specific kind of service to client software running.
-provides services used by other computers and also manages network resources
-is architecture, major element of modern operating system and network design that divides processing between clients and servers that can run on the same or different machines on the same network.
-Hub
-A common connection point for devices in a network , hardware device and also is a focal point.
-the central part of a wheel where the spokes come together and a place of convergence where data arrives from one or more directions and is forwarded out in one or more other directions
-a hub may include a router, a group of modem cards for dial-in users, a gateway card for connections to a local area network
-commonly used to connect segments of a LAN.
-Network interface cards (NIC)
- A computer circuit board/card or expansion board that is installed in a computer
- is the hardware added to the machine that allows it to communicate and connect with the network.
- provide a dedicated, full-time connection and it is bound to an IP address.
- A network interface card specifically designed for the LAN transmission technology.
-Network operating system (NOS)
- designed from the beginning to support networking and primarily to support workstation, personal computer, and, in some instances, older terminal that are connected on a local area network (LAN).
-Include special function to provide file and print services, directory services, and security to computers connected via a network.
- Windows 95 and Windows for Workgroups were Microsoft's first network operating system products
-Distributed processing
- A system consisting of a network of microcomputers
-Also known as distributed computing.
-Performing certain functions and linked with a main computer used for more complex tasks and the organization of processing to be carried out on a distributed system.
-Distributed processing includes paralle processing and it is for distributed computing architectures
-Is to run an application and contain sophisticated software that detects idle CPUs on the network and parcels out programs.
- involves distributed databases, databases in which the data is stored across two or more computer systems
-Host computer
-Host is a computer system that is accessed by a user working at a remote location
- attached to a net work,then provide the infrastructure for a computer service ,provides data and services to other computers.
- used to develop and emulate software for execution on another computer
-Also callled target computer.
-Network manager
- Network manager is to diagnose problems and gather statistics for administration and fine tuning
-It also managing computer networks
- help network system administrators manage a network and cover a wide area, including security ,performance and reliability.
- pertain to the operation,administration, maintenance, and provisioning of networked systems
Input and Output
~magnetic ink character recognition(MICR)
-MICR is a character recognition system
- used primarily in the banking industry for cheque processing and also used to describe the special numbers and symbols
-allows computers to read information off of printed documents, can be easily read by human and also allow the characters to be read reliably.
For example:cancellation stamps
-It involves using a stylized font and magnetic ink to print characters in a document.
- Information in the document can also be read optically through OCR.
-The numbers typically found on the bottom of a cheque comprising of the cheque number, sort number and account number are usually printed in magnetic ink for use in MICR.
-For well printed MICR documents, the "can't read" rate is usually less than 1% .
~Optical-character recognition(OCR)
-is the recognition of printed or written text characters by a computer and mechanical translation of images of handwritten, typewritten or printed text into machine-editable text.
-is originally considered separate fields
-OCR is software that can take a graphic and turn it into text
-involves reading text from paper and translating the images into a form that the computer can manipulate
-enables to take a article(can include images), feed it directly into an electronic computer file,after that,edit the file using a word processor.
-OCR has shifted to implementation of proven techniques.
-Optical-mark recognition(OMR)
-also known as Optical Mark Reading
-is a computer software application and the process of capturing human-marked data from document forms
-for instance:surveys and tests.
-used to check answer sheet ,grading and surveys
-is also a one stop place for Document Management needs
-makes OMR possible on a desktop computer by using an Image scanner to process surveys, tests and so on.
~Dot Marrix printer
-also know as impact matrix printer
-designed for producing professional documents and creating a variety of stylish page layouts by using a combination of three easily selectable letter quality fonts
-A type of computer printer with a print head that produces characters and illustrations by striking pins against an ink ribbon to print closely spaced dots in the appropriate shape and also runs back and forth, or in an up and down motion, on the page and prints by impact, striking an ink-soaked cloth ribbon against the paper.
-varied fonts and arbitrary graphics can be produced
-Each dot is produced by a tiny metal rod, also called a "wire" or "pin".
-can be highly durable.
-Plotters
-A device that draws pictures on paper based on commands from a computer (connect to computer)and it also print by moving a pen across the surface of a piece of paper
-can produce continuous lines, whereas printers can only simulate lines by printing a closely spaced series of dots.
- can draw complex line art,but very slowly
-more quality than printers.
-use different-colored pens to draw different colors.
-more expensive than printers
-the fastest way to produce color high-resolution vector-based artwork, or very large drawings efficiently
~Photo printer
-Allow people to easily carry and also can get prints easily.
-compace with other ,portable printer is the most smaller printer.
-is a computer output device,store computer data (text,graphic,image),and print it out .
~Fax Machine
-Fax Machine also called telecopier in certain industries.
-is method of encoding data and is a telecommunication technology
-used to transfer copies of documents
-transmitting it over a telephone line or radio broadcast
-receiving a hard copy of the text, line drawings, or photographs at a remote location.
-a divice that can send or receive pictures and text over a telephone line .
-dividing image into a grid of dots.
-each dots is on or off,depending whether the dot is white or black.
-can be transmitted like normal computer data and translates picture or image into a series of zeros and ones .
-bring the worlds of copying, printing, finishing, and scanning together, all in one neat, efficient and cost-effective package.
-the combination unit is less than the total cost for the individual units would be
-specially-selected, cutting-edge colour enabled systems.
-more low cost,highly efficient
~Internet telephones
-Internet telephony not only can call, you can also browse any WAP site at home or abroad.
-For example:get news from internet,flight dynamics, weather forecasting, television programs and other .
-Internet telephony in the agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fisheries, customs, justice, taxation, social security, industry and commerce, and tobacco in the field of application are numerous and broad prospects.
~Telephony
-is to to provide voice communication over distances
- originally connected directly together in pairs
-MICR is a character recognition system
- used primarily in the banking industry for cheque processing and also used to describe the special numbers and symbols
-allows computers to read information off of printed documents, can be easily read by human and also allow the characters to be read reliably.
For example:cancellation stamps
-It involves using a stylized font and magnetic ink to print characters in a document.
- Information in the document can also be read optically through OCR.
-The numbers typically found on the bottom of a cheque comprising of the cheque number, sort number and account number are usually printed in magnetic ink for use in MICR.
-For well printed MICR documents, the "can't read" rate is usually less than 1% .
~Optical-character recognition(OCR)
-is the recognition of printed or written text characters by a computer and mechanical translation of images of handwritten, typewritten or printed text into machine-editable text.
-is originally considered separate fields
-OCR is software that can take a graphic and turn it into text
-involves reading text from paper and translating the images into a form that the computer can manipulate
-enables to take a article(can include images), feed it directly into an electronic computer file,after that,edit the file using a word processor.
-OCR has shifted to implementation of proven techniques.
-Optical-mark recognition(OMR)
-also known as Optical Mark Reading
-is a computer software application and the process of capturing human-marked data from document forms
-for instance:surveys and tests.
-used to check answer sheet ,grading and surveys
-is also a one stop place for Document Management needs
-makes OMR possible on a desktop computer by using an Image scanner to process surveys, tests and so on.
~Dot Marrix printer
-also know as impact matrix printer
-designed for producing professional documents and creating a variety of stylish page layouts by using a combination of three easily selectable letter quality fonts
-A type of computer printer with a print head that produces characters and illustrations by striking pins against an ink ribbon to print closely spaced dots in the appropriate shape and also runs back and forth, or in an up and down motion, on the page and prints by impact, striking an ink-soaked cloth ribbon against the paper.
-varied fonts and arbitrary graphics can be produced
-Each dot is produced by a tiny metal rod, also called a "wire" or "pin".
-can be highly durable.
-Plotters
-A device that draws pictures on paper based on commands from a computer (connect to computer)and it also print by moving a pen across the surface of a piece of paper
-can produce continuous lines, whereas printers can only simulate lines by printing a closely spaced series of dots.
- can draw complex line art,but very slowly
-more quality than printers.
-use different-colored pens to draw different colors.
-more expensive than printers
-the fastest way to produce color high-resolution vector-based artwork, or very large drawings efficiently
~Photo printer
-people can print out photos out via photo printer
-The photo printer is a computer output device that can store computer data (photo,image)in accordance with the permanent way of graphics output to paper or transparency film.
-Photo Printer is a color printer, you can generate the analog domain, full color pictures, except printing methods become an alternative to a large number of generated photo approach.
-Allow people to easily carry and also can get prints easily.
-compace with other ,portable printer is the most smaller printer.
-is a computer output device,store computer data (text,graphic,image),and print it out .
~Fax Machine
-Fax Machine also called telecopier in certain industries.
-is method of encoding data and is a telecommunication technology
-used to transfer copies of documents
-transmitting it over a telephone line or radio broadcast
-receiving a hard copy of the text, line drawings, or photographs at a remote location.
-a divice that can send or receive pictures and text over a telephone line .
-dividing image into a grid of dots.
-each dots is on or off,depending whether the dot is white or black.
-can be transmitted like normal computer data and translates picture or image into a series of zeros and ones .
-bring the worlds of copying, printing, finishing, and scanning together, all in one neat, efficient and cost-effective package.
-the combination unit is less than the total cost for the individual units would be
-specially-selected, cutting-edge colour enabled systems.
-more low cost,highly efficient
~Internet telephones
-Internet telephony not only can call, you can also browse any WAP site at home or abroad.
-For example:get news from internet,flight dynamics, weather forecasting, television programs and other .
-Internet telephony in the agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fisheries, customs, justice, taxation, social security, industry and commerce, and tobacco in the field of application are numerous and broad prospects.
~Telephony
-is to to provide voice communication over distances
- originally connected directly together in pairs
Careers in IT
Webmaster
The task of webmaster might be responsible for making sure that the Web server hardware and software is running well and properly ,designing the Web site ,creating and updating Web pages, building and maintaining Web pages,answering mail, knowing a little about the Web server,replying to user feedback ,creating CGI scripts,and monitoring traffic through the site .
According to http://webdesign.about.com/od/jobs/a/what_webmaster3.htm, webmaster built and maintained Web pages and sites in a professional capacity. Building a personal page on Geocities did not make you a Webmaster, nor did using a WYSIWYG editor.
Computer support specialists
According to wedsites,the sample of reported job titles of the computer support specialists are Information Technology Specialist (IT Specialist), Support Specialist, Computer Technician, Computer Support Specialist, Help Desk Analyst, Technical Support Specialist, Network Support Specialist, Electronic Data Processing Auditor (EDP Auditor), Network Technician, Computer Specialist and other .
software engineer
Network Administrator in chinese known as "网络管理员".
Network administrator in xp is the highest authority in an administrator to manage system and also network sharing .It is responsible for the maintenance of computer networks constitute computer hardware and software of modern professionals. Network administrators are usually responsible for the deployment of network equipment, configuration, maintenance and monitoring. Related to the role of the Commissioner or network focus on network design and network security analysts.They usually protect the normal operation of the network, failure occurs in the rapid location and removal of errors, design, assembly, management and maintenance of internal computer networks, computer technology to provide advice and support to ensure that enterprise information security professionals.
Database administrator
Database administrator in chinese known as "数据库管理员"
Database administrator normally abbreviated as DBA. It is the database user in a special user DBMS .It is responsible for the management and maintenance of a database server person. Database administrator responsible for the overall management and control of database system. Whether a company be software development and application of their own, or purchase third-party application software, as long as related to the database,will need to determine whether an employment or DBA .
Database administrator duties to general surveillance ,for instance ,monitoring of the warning log database,to backup of the database monitoring and management ,to standardize the management of database users ,to write the requirements specification of SQL statement and DBA requirements of deep-rooted.
System analyst
System analyst in madarin is 系统分析员
System analyst is responsible for the design and development of application software system. To reflect the correct and effective information to assist business operators to manage and operate the company's operation. Systems analyst is an abstract model, they need professional conceptionmodel based on knowledge and programming skills.
As a system analyst ,she /he must be understood and clear the proposed system, the construction unit of the operation and management of strategic objectives and direction of development, be able to and organizations involved with senior management information system to determine the long-term goals and make the necessary decomposition.,need to do the basis of detailed investigation, the right to judge the status quo within the organization and external conditions, to conduct a feasibility analysis, to determine the organization of information system development strategy,should have to choose suitable methods and tools and training to develop staff, be good at communication and proper coordination of policy makers, developers and business point of view, to reach a consensus,to understand the development of information technology and business needs to establish appropriate technical model, possess the necessary administrative capacity to appropriate scheduling personnel, financial, material and other elements of the completion of the development goals and other profession work.
Programmer
Programmer in chinese is 程序员
Programmer is someone who writes the software and refers to the procedures involved in development and maintenance.Professionals.Programmers in general will be divided into program design and procedures for coders, but the boundaries between the two is not very clear,especially china.
With the development of the requirements of programmers is changing, the need to equip them with more knowledge and skills,for instance like UML, unit testing, a variety of methodology, in order to faster and better meet changing business needs.The main duties of programmers are writing code, since the test , presented to the code and the module, modify the test found the BUG. Mainly carried out to test module test (black box), the integrated test and found that programmers to submit to the BUG.
Webmaster in chinese is called "网管".
Many people make always misunderstand that webmaster is divide by two words like "web master",but webmaster actually just one word only which is webmaster,and occasionally it is abbreviated as "WM".As my knowledge,webmaster in english also called as website administrator because it responsible for maintaining ,management and building a website.The word"webmaster" derives itself from "web"and "master"."WED"meaning and relates to the World Wide Web,and "MASTER" implies and relates control,responsibility,management or ownership.The explanation of webmaster is blatantly deficient for today’s business world also.
The task of webmaster might be responsible for making sure that the Web server hardware and software is running well and properly ,designing the Web site ,creating and updating Web pages, building and maintaining Web pages,answering mail, knowing a little about the Web server,replying to user feedback ,creating CGI scripts,and monitoring traffic through the site .
According to http://webdesign.about.com/od/jobs/a/what_webmaster3.htm, webmaster built and maintained Web pages and sites in a professional capacity. Building a personal page on Geocities did not make you a Webmaster, nor did using a WYSIWYG editor.
Computer support specialists
computer support specialists in wadarin called "电脑支持专家"
As my opinion,computer support specialists is a occupation and a person who pick up calls from customers asking questions about techical stuff and provide technical assistance to computer system users,answer questions or resolve any computer problems for clients , via telephone ,computer online or from remote location. It also may provide assistance concerning the use of computer hardware and software, including printing, installation, word processing, electronic mail, and operating systems.According to the research ,every family at least got at least one to two computer or labtop at home ,when they have any computer trouble, they ask these workers for help.These workers are computer support specialists.
According to wedsites,the sample of reported job titles of the computer support specialists are Information Technology Specialist (IT Specialist), Support Specialist, Computer Technician, Computer Support Specialist, Help Desk Analyst, Technical Support Specialist, Network Support Specialist, Electronic Data Processing Auditor (EDP Auditor), Network Technician, Computer Specialist and other .
software engineer
Software engineer in chinese called "软件工程师"
Software engineer is also a occupation and it is one of the most popular professions in IT in terms of the numbers employed in the world.Software engineers are usually work as creating or developing a software or programmers and they are sometimes depending on the type of organisation, software engineers can become specialists in either systems or applications.For example like "window XP"and "Window 98"
The typical work activities of software engineers are usually include researching, designing and writing new software programs,testing new programs and fault finding,developing existing programs by analysing and identifying areas for modification,investigating and learning new technologies,creating technical specifications and test plans,working with computer coding languages,writing operational documentation with technical authors,maintaining systems by monitoring and correcting software defects,working closely with other staff, such as project managers, graphic artists, systems analysts, and sales and marketing professionals and other .
Network administrator
Network Administrator in chinese known as "网络管理员".
Network administrator in xp is the highest authority in an administrator to manage system and also network sharing .It is responsible for the maintenance of computer networks constitute computer hardware and software of modern professionals. Network administrators are usually responsible for the deployment of network equipment, configuration, maintenance and monitoring. Related to the role of the Commissioner or network focus on network design and network security analysts.They usually protect the normal operation of the network, failure occurs in the rapid location and removal of errors, design, assembly, management and maintenance of internal computer networks, computer technology to provide advice and support to ensure that enterprise information security professionals.
Database administrator
Database administrator in chinese known as "数据库管理员"
Database administrator normally abbreviated as DBA. It is the database user in a special user DBMS .It is responsible for the management and maintenance of a database server person. Database administrator responsible for the overall management and control of database system. Whether a company be software development and application of their own, or purchase third-party application software, as long as related to the database,will need to determine whether an employment or DBA .
Database administrator duties to general surveillance ,for instance ,monitoring of the warning log database,to backup of the database monitoring and management ,to standardize the management of database users ,to write the requirements specification of SQL statement and DBA requirements of deep-rooted.
System analyst
System analyst in madarin is 系统分析员
System analyst is responsible for the design and development of application software system. To reflect the correct and effective information to assist business operators to manage and operate the company's operation. Systems analyst is an abstract model, they need professional conceptionmodel based on knowledge and programming skills.
As a system analyst ,she /he must be understood and clear the proposed system, the construction unit of the operation and management of strategic objectives and direction of development, be able to and organizations involved with senior management information system to determine the long-term goals and make the necessary decomposition.,need to do the basis of detailed investigation, the right to judge the status quo within the organization and external conditions, to conduct a feasibility analysis, to determine the organization of information system development strategy,should have to choose suitable methods and tools and training to develop staff, be good at communication and proper coordination of policy makers, developers and business point of view, to reach a consensus,to understand the development of information technology and business needs to establish appropriate technical model, possess the necessary administrative capacity to appropriate scheduling personnel, financial, material and other elements of the completion of the development goals and other profession work.
Programmer
Programmer in chinese is 程序员
Programmer is someone who writes the software and refers to the procedures involved in development and maintenance.Professionals.Programmers in general will be divided into program design and procedures for coders, but the boundaries between the two is not very clear,especially china.
With the development of the requirements of programmers is changing, the need to equip them with more knowledge and skills,for instance like UML, unit testing, a variety of methodology, in order to faster and better meet changing business needs.The main duties of programmers are writing code, since the test , presented to the code and the module, modify the test found the BUG. Mainly carried out to test module test (black box), the integrated test and found that programmers to submit to the BUG.
